🔹What is Tashbeeh according to the scholars of Ahl al-Sunnah, and how did they identify the Jahmiyyah? | 🧵
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Ahl al-Sunnah have always affirmed the apparent of Allah’s attributes without likening their modality with the creation
But the Jahmiyyah rejected these attributes because they likened their modality with the creation, they then accused Ahl al-sunnah of what they fell into
Ahl al-Sunnah have always affirmed the apparent of Allah’s attributes without likening their modality with the creation
But the Jahmiyyah rejected these attributes because they likened their modality with the creation, they then accused Ahl al-sunnah of what they fell into
▪️al-Imam Qutaibah Ibn Sa'īd al-Balkhi (d. 240) said:
“If the person says: ‘Mushabbih’ (anthropomorphist) then be wary of him, because he follows the views of Jahm (the founder of the Jahmiyyah)”
“If the person says: ‘Mushabbih’ (anthropomorphist) then be wary of him, because he follows the views of Jahm (the founder of the Jahmiyyah)”
▪️al-Imam 'Alī ibn 'Abdullāh ibn Ja'far al-Madīnī (d. 234) said:
“Whoever said: ‘So-and-so is a Mushabbih’ we know that he’s a Jahmi”
“Whoever said: ‘So-and-so is a Mushabbih’ we know that he’s a Jahmi”
▪️al-Imam Abu Zur'ah (d. 264) and Abu Ḥātim al-Rāzi (d. 277)
They conveyed the 'Aqīdah of the Sunni scholars everywhere, they said:
“The sign of the zanādiqah is they label Ahl al-Athar as Ḥashawiyyah…”
“The sign of the Jahmiyyah is they label Ahl al-Sunnah as Mushabbihah”
They conveyed the 'Aqīdah of the Sunni scholars everywhere, they said:
“The sign of the zanādiqah is they label Ahl al-Athar as Ḥashawiyyah…”
“The sign of the Jahmiyyah is they label Ahl al-Sunnah as Mushabbihah”
▪️al-Imam al-Tirmidhi (d. 279)
He mentioned that Ahl al-Sunnah affirm the attributes of Allah ﷻ like His descent, His hand, His hearing… but the Jahmiyyah said these are Tashbeeh, and rejected them by making ta’wīl of them (the same exact ta’wīl of the ashā'irah)
He mentioned that Ahl al-Sunnah affirm the attributes of Allah ﷻ like His descent, His hand, His hearing… but the Jahmiyyah said these are Tashbeeh, and rejected them by making ta’wīl of them (the same exact ta’wīl of the ashā'irah)
He then quoted▪️al-Imam Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (d. 238) who clarified that Tasheeh is only when a person likens the modality of Allah’s attributes with the creation’s, like saying “a hand like His hand”. However affirming the attributes with Tafwīdh in their modality is not Tashbeeh
He also said:
“The sign of Jahm and his companions is they accuse Ahl al-Sunnah of being Mushabbihah, rather, they’re the Mu'aṭṭilah (rejectors of the attributes) it can even be said that they’re the Mushabbihah…”
“The sign of Jahm and his companions is they accuse Ahl al-Sunnah of being Mushabbihah, rather, they’re the Mu'aṭṭilah (rejectors of the attributes) it can even be said that they’re the Mushabbihah…”
▪️al-Imam Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal (d. 241)
He clarified that the Mushabbihah are the ones who liken the kayfiyyah (modality) of the attributes of Allah ﷻ with the creation, when he was asked about them he said:
“[they say] a vision like my vision, a hand like my hand…”
He clarified that the Mushabbihah are the ones who liken the kayfiyyah (modality) of the attributes of Allah ﷻ with the creation, when he was asked about them he said:
“[they say] a vision like my vision, a hand like my hand…”
▪️al-Imam 'Uthmān Ibn Sa'īd al-Dārimi (d. 280) a student of both al-Imam Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh and al-Imam Aḥmad, he said the same thing as them.
He refute the Jahmi accusation of Tashbeeh by clarifying that Ahl al-Sunnah affirm the attributes without delving into their Kayfiyyah.
He refute the Jahmi accusation of Tashbeeh by clarifying that Ahl al-Sunnah affirm the attributes without delving into their Kayfiyyah.
He then said to them:
“If we were Mushabbihah to you because Allah ﷻ to us is one God with attributes we took from Him, so we described Him with what He described Himself in His book, then Allah ﷻ to you is the first Mushabbih, then His prophet ﷺ who taught us that about Him”
“If we were Mushabbihah to you because Allah ﷻ to us is one God with attributes we took from Him, so we described Him with what He described Himself in His book, then Allah ﷻ to you is the first Mushabbih, then His prophet ﷺ who taught us that about Him”
He also said:
“Didn’t you hear O al-Marisi (a famous Jahmi) His saying {There is nothing like unto Him}, just as there’s nothing like unto Him, there’s [also] no hearing like His hearing, and there’s no vision like His vision…”
That’s the principle of Ahl al-Sunnah
“Didn’t you hear O al-Marisi (a famous Jahmi) His saying {There is nothing like unto Him}, just as there’s nothing like unto Him, there’s [also] no hearing like His hearing, and there’s no vision like His vision…”
That’s the principle of Ahl al-Sunnah
▪️al-Imam al-Bukhāri (d. 256)
He highlighted that same principle, after quoting a hadith on the voice of Allah ﷻ, he said: “this is a proof that the voice of Allah is unlike the voice of the creation…”
He then applied that same principle with the rest of the attributes
He highlighted that same principle, after quoting a hadith on the voice of Allah ﷻ, he said: “this is a proof that the voice of Allah is unlike the voice of the creation…”
He then applied that same principle with the rest of the attributes
▪️al-Imam Abu 'Āṣim al-Nisā’i (d. 253) highlighted that same principle, he said: “This is an attribute from the attributes of Allah, He told us that it’s in His creation, but we don’t say ‘His hearing is like the hearing of humans…”
He also applied that with all the attributes
He also applied that with all the attributes
▪️al-Imam Ibn Qutaybah (d. 276)
He said the same thing as his shaykh Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh. He clarified that Ahl al-Sunnah affirm the apparent meaning of the attributes and make Tafwīdh in their Kayfiyyah, unlike the Mushabbihah who delve into their Kayfiyyah
He said the same thing as his shaykh Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh. He clarified that Ahl al-Sunnah affirm the apparent meaning of the attributes and make Tafwīdh in their Kayfiyyah, unlike the Mushabbihah who delve into their Kayfiyyah
▪️al-Imam Ḥarb al-Kirmānī (d. 280) said:
“As for the Jahmiyyah: they refer to Ahl al-Sunnah as Mushabbihah. And the Jahmiyyah the enemies of Allah have lied, rather they’re more worthy of Tashbeeh and rejection”
“As for the Jahmiyyah: they refer to Ahl al-Sunnah as Mushabbihah. And the Jahmiyyah the enemies of Allah have lied, rather they’re more worthy of Tashbeeh and rejection”
▪️al-Imam al-Barbahari al-Hanbali (d. 329) said: “If you hear a man saying: so-and-so is a Mushabbih, so-and-so is uttering Tashbeeh, then accuse him, and know that he is a Jahmi”
He also mentioned how the Jahmiyyah rejected the attributes because they delved into their modality
He also mentioned how the Jahmiyyah rejected the attributes because they delved into their modality
▪️al-Imam Ibn Khuzaymah al-Shāfi'i (d. 311)
He refuted the Jahmiyyah who accused Ahl al-Sunnah of Tashbeeh by using arguments similar to al-Bukhari to show that the modality of Allah’s attributes are unlike the creation, and that Ahl al-Sunnah make tafwīdh in the kayfiyyah
He refuted the Jahmiyyah who accused Ahl al-Sunnah of Tashbeeh by using arguments similar to al-Bukhari to show that the modality of Allah’s attributes are unlike the creation, and that Ahl al-Sunnah make tafwīdh in the kayfiyyah
▪️al-Imam Ibrāhīm ibn Aḥmad ibn Shāqilla (d. 369)
A Jahmi said to him:
“You’re a Mushabbih”
So he responded by saying:
“Far from that is Allah, the Mushabbih is the one who says: ‘a face like my face, a hand like my hand’…
A Jahmi said to him:
“You’re a Mushabbih”
So he responded by saying:
“Far from that is Allah, the Mushabbih is the one who says: ‘a face like my face, a hand like my hand’…
… as for us we say: ‘For Him is a face just as He affirmed a face for Himself, and He Has a hand, just as He affirmed a hand for Himself {There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the Hearing, the Seeing.} (42:11) whoever said that then they’re safe.”
▪️al-Imam Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr (d. 463)
He mentioned the consensus that Ahl al-Sunnah affirm the attributes in their reality, not as metaphors, without delving into their modality
He then said that the Jahmiyyah rejected them and claimed whoever affirmed them is a Mushabbih
He mentioned the consensus that Ahl al-Sunnah affirm the attributes in their reality, not as metaphors, without delving into their modality
He then said that the Jahmiyyah rejected them and claimed whoever affirmed them is a Mushabbih
▪️ al-Imam Abu 'Uthmān al-Ṣābūnī (d. 449)
He said that Ahl al-Sunnah do not corrupt the revelation by saying “hand means power” (like the Ash'arīs) nor do they delve into the kayfiyyah or liken the hands of Allah ﷻ with the hands of the creation like the Mushabbihah.
He said that Ahl al-Sunnah do not corrupt the revelation by saying “hand means power” (like the Ash'arīs) nor do they delve into the kayfiyyah or liken the hands of Allah ﷻ with the hands of the creation like the Mushabbihah.
▪️al-Imam Ibn al-Banna (d. 471)
He said:“As for the Mushabbihah and the Mujassimah, they’re the ones who make the attributes of Allah ﷻ like the attributes of the creation…”
He then quoted Imam Ahmad saying:
“The Mushabbihah say a vision like my vision, a hand like my hand…”
He said:“As for the Mushabbihah and the Mujassimah, they’re the ones who make the attributes of Allah ﷻ like the attributes of the creation…”
He then quoted Imam Ahmad saying:
“The Mushabbihah say a vision like my vision, a hand like my hand…”
He then mentioned that the heretics use these statements of the Mushabbihah to attack Ahl al-Sunnah by falsely labeling them as “Mushabbihah” and “Mujassimah” because they affirm the attributes of Allah ﷻ, even though they don’t liken their modality with the creation.
▪️in conclusion▪️
1/3
To the scholars of Ahl al-Sunnah and their followers (The Salafis/Atharis), Tashbeeh is only when someone likens the Kayfiyyah (modality) of Allah’s attributes with the creation, like saying “His face is like my face, His hearing is like my hearing”
1/3
To the scholars of Ahl al-Sunnah and their followers (The Salafis/Atharis), Tashbeeh is only when someone likens the Kayfiyyah (modality) of Allah’s attributes with the creation, like saying “His face is like my face, His hearing is like my hearing”
2/3
And the way of Ahl al-Sunnah is to affirm the apparent of what Allah ﷻ revealed about Himself while doing Tafwīdh in the Kayfiyyah, since no one knows the kayfiyyah of the attributes of Allah ﷻ except Him.
And the way of Ahl al-Sunnah is to affirm the apparent of what Allah ﷻ revealed about Himself while doing Tafwīdh in the Kayfiyyah, since no one knows the kayfiyyah of the attributes of Allah ﷻ except Him.
3/3
This highlights the fact that the Ashā'irah and the Maturidiyyah who unjustly accuse Ahl al-Sunnah of Tashbeeh are Mu'aṭṭilah (rejectors of the attributes) who are simply following the footsteps of their Jahmi forefathers.
This highlights the fact that the Ashā'irah and the Maturidiyyah who unjustly accuse Ahl al-Sunnah of Tashbeeh are Mu'aṭṭilah (rejectors of the attributes) who are simply following the footsteps of their Jahmi forefathers.
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