1. A Speech that should never have been made
ON APRIL 10, 1953, Allen Dulles, The Newly Appointed Director of the CIA, delivered a speech to a gathering of Princeton alumni.
"I wonder, however, whether we clearly perceive the magnitude of the problem, whether we realize how sinister the battle for men’s minds has become in Soviet hands,” he continued. We might call it, in its new form, "brain warfare".
#MKULTRA #CIA
ON APRIL 10, 1953, Allen Dulles, The Newly Appointed Director of the CIA, delivered a speech to a gathering of Princeton alumni.
"I wonder, however, whether we clearly perceive the magnitude of the problem, whether we realize how sinister the battle for men’s minds has become in Soviet hands,” he continued. We might call it, in its new form, "brain warfare".
#MKULTRA #CIA
2. In the 1950s in the USA, "Mind Control" was the buzzword
Fear of brainwashing and a new breed of "brain warfare" terrified and fascinated the American public throughout the 1950s, spurred both by the words of the CIA and the stories of "brainwashed" G.I.’s returning from China, Korea, and the Soviet Union.
#CIA #MKUltra
Fear of brainwashing and a new breed of "brain warfare" terrified and fascinated the American public throughout the 1950s, spurred both by the words of the CIA and the stories of "brainwashed" G.I.’s returning from China, Korea, and the Soviet Union.
#CIA #MKUltra
3. Birth of the project "MK Ultra"
Post the Princeton speech of CIA Director Allen Dulles in April 1953, The MK-Ultra program also operated under the cryptonyms MKNAOMI and MKDELTA. The “MK” indicated that the project was sponsored by the Technical Services Staff of the CIA and “Ultra” was a nod to the codename that had been used for classified documents during World War II.
#MKUltra #CIA
Post the Princeton speech of CIA Director Allen Dulles in April 1953, The MK-Ultra program also operated under the cryptonyms MKNAOMI and MKDELTA. The “MK” indicated that the project was sponsored by the Technical Services Staff of the CIA and “Ultra” was a nod to the codename that had been used for classified documents during World War II.
#MKUltra #CIA
4. What was Project MK Ultra all about?
On April 13 of 1953, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of the United States took up an experiment named Project MKUltra with the help of 150 civilian Americans. Experiments on humans were intended to identify and develop drugs and procedures to be used in interrogations and torture, in order to weaken the individual to force confessions through mind control.
#CIA #MKUltra
On April 13 of 1953, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of the United States took up an experiment named Project MKUltra with the help of 150 civilian Americans. Experiments on humans were intended to identify and develop drugs and procedures to be used in interrogations and torture, in order to weaken the individual to force confessions through mind control.
#CIA #MKUltra
5. A cold war legacy and typical US insecurity
As the Cold War moved into its peak era in the early 1950s, the American intelligence community grew increasingly obsessed with the growing technological advancements of the Soviet Union.
The U.S. government feared that it was falling behind the Soviet Union in regard to novel interrogation techniques. Reports during the Korean War suggested that North Korean and Soviet forces had developed mind-control capabilities and the U.S. couldn’t let them have that advantage.
#CIA #MKUltra
As the Cold War moved into its peak era in the early 1950s, the American intelligence community grew increasingly obsessed with the growing technological advancements of the Soviet Union.
The U.S. government feared that it was falling behind the Soviet Union in regard to novel interrogation techniques. Reports during the Korean War suggested that North Korean and Soviet forces had developed mind-control capabilities and the U.S. couldn’t let them have that advantage.
#CIA #MKUltra
6. The 50s AND 60s craze of ACID (LSD) and CIA
Lysergic acid diethylamide, known as LSD, is a hallucinogenic drug. A Swiss scientist named Albert Hofmann was the first to synthesize the drug in the 1930s.CIA saw the popularity of LSD as Acid in rave circles and got interested in studying its impact on human behavior.
#MKUltra
Lysergic acid diethylamide, known as LSD, is a hallucinogenic drug. A Swiss scientist named Albert Hofmann was the first to synthesize the drug in the 1930s.CIA saw the popularity of LSD as Acid in rave circles and got interested in studying its impact on human behavior.
#MKUltra
7. Project Never existed officially like so many other CIA crimes
The project had no executive sanction and as such, it was clandestine and hence illegal. In fact, the executive had no knowledge of the project until after 20 years. Experiments under Project MKUltra began in 1953 and ended in 1973.
#MKUltra #CIA
The project had no executive sanction and as such, it was clandestine and hence illegal. In fact, the executive had no knowledge of the project until after 20 years. Experiments under Project MKUltra began in 1953 and ended in 1973.
#MKUltra #CIA
8. CIA and US Army Collusion for Mind Control program
Project MKUltra was designed and executed by the CIA’s Scientific Intelligence Division (SID), the experiments on civilians were to identify and create drugs for use in torture and interrogations. The idea was to weaken an individual’s mind and extract confessions from him. The SID coordinated with the U.S. Army’s Chemical Corps’s Special Operations Division in the mind control program.
#MKUltra #CIA
Project MKUltra was designed and executed by the CIA’s Scientific Intelligence Division (SID), the experiments on civilians were to identify and create drugs for use in torture and interrogations. The idea was to weaken an individual’s mind and extract confessions from him. The SID coordinated with the U.S. Army’s Chemical Corps’s Special Operations Division in the mind control program.
#MKUltra #CIA
9. Inhuman experiments on Humans
MK Ultra used numerous methodologies to manipulate people's mental states and alter brain functions, including the surreptitious administration of drugs (especially LSD) and other chemicals, hypnosis, sensory deprivation, isolation, verbal and sexual abuse, as well as various forms of torture.
#MKUltra #CIA
MK Ultra used numerous methodologies to manipulate people's mental states and alter brain functions, including the surreptitious administration of drugs (especially LSD) and other chemicals, hypnosis, sensory deprivation, isolation, verbal and sexual abuse, as well as various forms of torture.
#MKUltra #CIA
10. Arrival of the "Black Sorcerer"
When, on April 13, 1953, the then-director of the nascent CIA Allen Welsh Dulles sanctioned project MK-Ultra, the program was quickly headed by chemist and poison expert Sidney Gottlieb, who was known in covert circles as the “Black Sorcerer.” One of Gottlieb’s original goals was to create a truth serum that could be used against Soviet spies and prisoners of war in order to gain intelligence.
#MKUtra #CIA
When, on April 13, 1953, the then-director of the nascent CIA Allen Welsh Dulles sanctioned project MK-Ultra, the program was quickly headed by chemist and poison expert Sidney Gottlieb, who was known in covert circles as the “Black Sorcerer.” One of Gottlieb’s original goals was to create a truth serum that could be used against Soviet spies and prisoners of war in order to gain intelligence.
#MKUtra #CIA
11. Running in circles and playing with human life
But generating a truth serum proved difficult. Instead, researchers believed that a kind of mind control could be achieved by placing the subject in a heavily altered mental state typically with the help of wildly experimental drugs. This started a brutal and vicious cycle of experiments on Humans beyond depravity.
#MKUltra #CIA
But generating a truth serum proved difficult. Instead, researchers believed that a kind of mind control could be achieved by placing the subject in a heavily altered mental state typically with the help of wildly experimental drugs. This started a brutal and vicious cycle of experiments on Humans beyond depravity.
#MKUltra #CIA
12. A shady experiment with shady logic
In Sidney Gottlieb the "Black Sorcerer's own words, project MK-Ultra’s mind experiments extensively researched extensively how drugs could “enhance the ability of individuals to withstand privation, torture and coercion,” as well as “produce amnesia, shock, and confusion.” Gottlieb realized that in order to control the mind, he’d have to wipe it first. Second, you had to find a way to insert a new mind into that resulting void, they didn’t get too far on number two, but he did a lot of work on number one.
#MKUltra #CIA
In Sidney Gottlieb the "Black Sorcerer's own words, project MK-Ultra’s mind experiments extensively researched extensively how drugs could “enhance the ability of individuals to withstand privation, torture and coercion,” as well as “produce amnesia, shock, and confusion.” Gottlieb realized that in order to control the mind, he’d have to wipe it first. Second, you had to find a way to insert a new mind into that resulting void, they didn’t get too far on number two, but he did a lot of work on number one.
#MKUltra #CIA
13. Who were the subjects of MKULTRA experiments
Due to the classified nature of the program, many of the test subjects were unaware of their involvement and Gottlieb admitted that his team targeted “people who could not fight back.” These included drug-addicted prisoners, marginalized sex workers, and both mental and terminal cancer patients.
Some of the subjects of MK-Ultra were volunteers or paid students. Others were addicts who were bribed with the promise of more drugs if they participated.
Even some of the CIA workers were also subjected to these experiments without their knowledge.
#MKUltra #CIA
Due to the classified nature of the program, many of the test subjects were unaware of their involvement and Gottlieb admitted that his team targeted “people who could not fight back.” These included drug-addicted prisoners, marginalized sex workers, and both mental and terminal cancer patients.
Some of the subjects of MK-Ultra were volunteers or paid students. Others were addicts who were bribed with the promise of more drugs if they participated.
Even some of the CIA workers were also subjected to these experiments without their knowledge.
#MKUltra #CIA
14. A web of dark secrecy to hide the crimes
For secrecy’s sake, the program’s 162 experiments were spread out across multiple cities, college campuses, prisons, and hospitals. In total, 185 researchers were involved and many of them didn’t even know that their work was meant for the CIA.
#MKUltra #CIA
For secrecy’s sake, the program’s 162 experiments were spread out across multiple cities, college campuses, prisons, and hospitals. In total, 185 researchers were involved and many of them didn’t even know that their work was meant for the CIA.
#MKUltra #CIA
15. A drug-induced euphoria and search for the Eureka Moment
The primary experimental method often involved administering large quantities of various mind-altering substances in hopes of wiping the human mind in the way Gottlieb wanted to. Subjects were dosed with LSD, opioids, THC, and the synthetic government-created super hallucinogen BZ, as well as widely available substances such as alcohol. Researchers would also sometimes administer two drugs with opposite effects (e.g., barbiturate and amphetamine) simultaneously and observe their subjects’ reactions or give subjects already under the influence of alcohol a dose of another drug like LSD.
#MKUltra #CIA
The primary experimental method often involved administering large quantities of various mind-altering substances in hopes of wiping the human mind in the way Gottlieb wanted to. Subjects were dosed with LSD, opioids, THC, and the synthetic government-created super hallucinogen BZ, as well as widely available substances such as alcohol. Researchers would also sometimes administer two drugs with opposite effects (e.g., barbiturate and amphetamine) simultaneously and observe their subjects’ reactions or give subjects already under the influence of alcohol a dose of another drug like LSD.
#MKUltra #CIA
16. Till drugs do us apart, we keep injecting you
Aside from drugs, researchers also used hypnosis, often in an effort to create fear in subjects that could then be exploited to gain information. Researchers went on to investigate the effects of hypnosis on the results of polygraph tests and its implications for memory loss. MK-Ultra participants were also subjected to experimentation involving electroconvulsive therapy, aural stimulation, and paralytic drugs.
#CIA #MKUltra
Aside from drugs, researchers also used hypnosis, often in an effort to create fear in subjects that could then be exploited to gain information. Researchers went on to investigate the effects of hypnosis on the results of polygraph tests and its implications for memory loss. MK-Ultra participants were also subjected to experimentation involving electroconvulsive therapy, aural stimulation, and paralytic drugs.
#CIA #MKUltra
18. The Psychology of blind perusal
Experimenter Donald Cameron (the first chairman of the World Psychiatric Association and the president of the American and Canadian psychiatric associations) drugged patients and repeatedly played tapes of noises or suggestions while they were comatose for long periods of time, hoping to correct schizophrenia by erasing memories in order to reprogram subjects’ minds.
#MKUltra #CIA
Experimenter Donald Cameron (the first chairman of the World Psychiatric Association and the president of the American and Canadian psychiatric associations) drugged patients and repeatedly played tapes of noises or suggestions while they were comatose for long periods of time, hoping to correct schizophrenia by erasing memories in order to reprogram subjects’ minds.
#MKUltra #CIA
19. Who were the butchers of the MK Ultra?
John C. Lilly, a noted animal behaviorist, was also involved in the experiments. For his research in human communication with dolphins, he created the first sensory deprivation flotation tank. MK Ultra scientists commissioned the tank to create a sensory-free environment for their subjects to experience their acid trips without the stimuli of the outside world. #MKUltra #CIA
John C. Lilly, a noted animal behaviorist, was also involved in the experiments. For his research in human communication with dolphins, he created the first sensory deprivation flotation tank. MK Ultra scientists commissioned the tank to create a sensory-free environment for their subjects to experience their acid trips without the stimuli of the outside world. #MKUltra #CIA
20. The web of research labs and glorified institutes to hide the blood stains
IA did not concentrate its Project MKUltra experiments in one place. The experiments were across 80 institutions, including 44 universities and colleges. Some of the other institutions where the experiments took place include pharmaceutical companies, hospitals, and prisons. The CIA used these institutions as front organizations. As the experiments were done in secrecy, not many people knew that the CIA was behind them. Only a handful of top officials at these organizations knew of the agency’s role.
In the name of Project MKUltra, the CIA extended funds to universities like Columbia, Stanford, and others to study the effects of the drugs. After some tests were done, researchers found that the drugs in question were highly unpredictable and cannot be used in counterintelligence activities. These researchers used drugs like ecstasy (MDMA), heroin, mescaline, barbiturates, psilocybin, and methamphetamine.
#CIA #MKUltra
IA did not concentrate its Project MKUltra experiments in one place. The experiments were across 80 institutions, including 44 universities and colleges. Some of the other institutions where the experiments took place include pharmaceutical companies, hospitals, and prisons. The CIA used these institutions as front organizations. As the experiments were done in secrecy, not many people knew that the CIA was behind them. Only a handful of top officials at these organizations knew of the agency’s role.
In the name of Project MKUltra, the CIA extended funds to universities like Columbia, Stanford, and others to study the effects of the drugs. After some tests were done, researchers found that the drugs in question were highly unpredictable and cannot be used in counterintelligence activities. These researchers used drugs like ecstasy (MDMA), heroin, mescaline, barbiturates, psilocybin, and methamphetamine.
#CIA #MKUltra
21. Author Ken Kesey who wrote the famous "One who flew over cuckoo's Nest", Unabomber Ted Kaczynski, Los Angeles serial Killer Charles Manson, and James “Whitey” Bulger, a notorious Boston mob boss were part of the MKUltra experiments.
(Ken Kessey openly promoted LSD and claimed that his book "One who flew over cuckoo's Nest" is based on his experiences from the MKUltra project)
#CIA #MKUltra
(Ken Kessey openly promoted LSD and claimed that his book "One who flew over cuckoo's Nest" is based on his experiences from the MKUltra project)
#CIA #MKUltra
22. One world-famous personality who slammed the CIA experiments was John Lennon of the Beatles music group. In an interview, John mocked the CIA saying that people forget to thank the agency and the army for introducing LSD to Americans. He further said, to control people the two organizations invented LSD.
#CIA #MKUltra
#CIA #MKUltra
23. Operation Midnight Climax
the CIA set up several brothels in San Francisco, California to obtain a selection of men who would be too embarrassed to talk about the events. The men were dosed with LSD, the brothels were equipped with one-way mirrors, and the sessions were filmed for later viewing and study.
#MKUltra #CIA
the CIA set up several brothels in San Francisco, California to obtain a selection of men who would be too embarrassed to talk about the events. The men were dosed with LSD, the brothels were equipped with one-way mirrors, and the sessions were filmed for later viewing and study.
#MKUltra #CIA
24. The sleepy hollows of LSD
In some other experiments where people were given LSD without their knowledge, they were interrogated under bright lights with doctors in the background taking notes. The subjects were told that their "trips" would be extended indefinitely if they refused to reveal their secrets. The people being interrogated this way were CIA employees, U.S. military personnel, and agents suspected of working for the other side in the Cold War. Long-term debilitation and several deaths resulted from this.
#CIA #MKUltra
In some other experiments where people were given LSD without their knowledge, they were interrogated under bright lights with doctors in the background taking notes. The subjects were told that their "trips" would be extended indefinitely if they refused to reveal their secrets. The people being interrogated this way were CIA employees, U.S. military personnel, and agents suspected of working for the other side in the Cold War. Long-term debilitation and several deaths resulted from this.
#CIA #MKUltra
25. Death is a toy and life is a ploy
One experimental subject was given LSD nonstop for 174 days. While In one case, seven volunteers in Kentucky were given LSD for 77 consecutive days. LSD was eventually dismissed by MK Ultra's researchers as too unpredictable in its results. They had given up on the notion that LSD was "the secret that was going to unlock the universe," but it still had a place in the cloak-and-dagger arsenal.
#MKUltra #CIA
One experimental subject was given LSD nonstop for 174 days. While In one case, seven volunteers in Kentucky were given LSD for 77 consecutive days. LSD was eventually dismissed by MK Ultra's researchers as too unpredictable in its results. They had given up on the notion that LSD was "the secret that was going to unlock the universe," but it still had a place in the cloak-and-dagger arsenal.
#MKUltra #CIA
26. A new death is better than the old death
By 1962 the CIA and the army had developed a series of super hallucinogens such as the highly touted BZ, which was thought to hold greater promise as a mind control weapon. This resulted in the withdrawal of support by many academics and private researchers, and LSD research became less of a priority.
#MKUltra #CIA
By 1962 the CIA and the army had developed a series of super hallucinogens such as the highly touted BZ, which was thought to hold greater promise as a mind control weapon. This resulted in the withdrawal of support by many academics and private researchers, and LSD research became less of a priority.
#MKUltra #CIA
28. There were no records of the casualties of these experiments. For those who survived, the fallout of the experiments included things like depression, anterograde and retrograde amnesia, paralysis, withdrawal, confusion, disorientation, pain, insomnia, and schizophrenic-like mental states as a result of the experiments. Long-term effects like these largely went untreated and unreported to authorities.
#MKUltra #CIA
#MKUltra #CIA
30. Time to clean the trash
In 1973, with the government-wide panic caused by Watergate, CIA Director Richard Helms ordered all MK-Ultra files destroyed. Pursuant to this order, most CIA documents regarding the project were destroyed, making a full investigation of MK-Ultra impossible. A cache of some 20,000 documents survived Helms' purge, as they had been incorrectly stored in a financial record building and were discovered following a FOIA request in 1977.
#MKUltra #CIA
In 1973, with the government-wide panic caused by Watergate, CIA Director Richard Helms ordered all MK-Ultra files destroyed. Pursuant to this order, most CIA documents regarding the project were destroyed, making a full investigation of MK-Ultra impossible. A cache of some 20,000 documents survived Helms' purge, as they had been incorrectly stored in a financial record building and were discovered following a FOIA request in 1977.
#MKUltra #CIA
31. The aftermath
These documents were fully investigated during the Senate Hearings of 1977. In December 1974, The New York Times alleged that the CIA had conducted illegal domestic activities, including experiments on U.S. citizens, during the 1960s. That report prompted…
These documents were fully investigated during the Senate Hearings of 1977. In December 1974, The New York Times alleged that the CIA had conducted illegal domestic activities, including experiments on U.S. citizens, during the 1960s. That report prompted…
32. The trail
In December 1974, The New York Times alleged that the CIA had conducted illegal domestic activities, including experiments on U.S. citizens, during the 1960s. That report prompted investigations by the U.S. Congress, in the form of the Church Committee, and by a…
In December 1974, The New York Times alleged that the CIA had conducted illegal domestic activities, including experiments on U.S. citizens, during the 1960s. That report prompted investigations by the U.S. Congress, in the form of the Church Committee, and by a…
33. The Agony
When the remaining documents were made available to the public, the Senate launched a collection of hearings on the ethics of the project later that year. Survivors soon filed lawsuits against the CIA and the federal government regarding informed consent laws. In…
When the remaining documents were made available to the public, the Senate launched a collection of hearings on the ethics of the project later that year. Survivors soon filed lawsuits against the CIA and the federal government regarding informed consent laws. In…
36. The Half-hearted Denial of the Truth
The government does not deny that the MK-Ultra experiments took place but most of what transpired remains a mystery. The government does not deny that the MK-Ultra experiments took place but most of what transpired remains a mystery.…
The government does not deny that the MK-Ultra experiments took place but most of what transpired remains a mystery. The government does not deny that the MK-Ultra experiments took place but most of what transpired remains a mystery.…
39. MKUltra Documents trove obtained under Freedom of Information Act
John Greenewald, the founder of "The Black Vault", a site specializing in declassified government records obtained via Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, first uploaded MKUltra documents in 2004 tens…
John Greenewald, the founder of "The Black Vault", a site specializing in declassified government records obtained via Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, first uploaded MKUltra documents in 2004 tens…
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