Factory Design Pattern is one of the most widely used patterns in Programming Languages like Java, Javascript, Python, etc.
Here's the simplest explanation to what it is:
Here's the simplest explanation to what it is:
1. The factory design pattern is a way to create objects without specifying the exact class of object.
This is done by defining a separate factory class that has a method for creating objects.
Let understand this from Java's perspective.
This is done by defining a separate factory class that has a method for creating objects.
Let understand this from Java's perspective.
2. To implement the factory design pattern, we need to create an interface that defines the contract for the objects that will be created.
This interface should specify the methods that will be available on the objects.
This interface should specify the methods that will be available on the objects.
Let's take the classic example of Shape Factory:
Here the `Shape` interface defines the common contract for the objects that will be created.
It specifies the `draw()` method that will be available on the objects:
Here the `Shape` interface defines the common contract for the objects that will be created.
It specifies the `draw()` method that will be available on the objects:
3. Next, we need to create one or more classes that implement this interface.
These classes will define the specific implementation of the methods specified in the interface.
These classes will define the specific implementation of the methods specified in the interface.
For eg:
Here, The `Circle` and `Rectangle` classes implement the `Shape` interface.
And provides the specific implementation of the `draw()` method for each respective shape:
Here, The `Circle` and `Rectangle` classes implement the `Shape` interface.
And provides the specific implementation of the `draw()` method for each respective shape:
4. Finally, we need to create a factory class that has a method for creating objects.
This method should take in the necessary information for creating an object (type of object) and use that information to instantiate the appropriate class that implements the interface.
This method should take in the necessary information for creating an object (type of object) and use that information to instantiate the appropriate class that implements the interface.
For eg:
The `ShapeFactory` class has a method for creating `Shape` objects based on the type of shape specified.
This method uses the information provided by the client code to instantiate the appropriate class that implements the `Shape` interface:
The `ShapeFactory` class has a method for creating `Shape` objects based on the type of shape specified.
This method uses the information provided by the client code to instantiate the appropriate class that implements the `Shape` interface:
5. Benefits of Factory Pattern
- As per above example - our code mainly depends on common interface (Shape) instead of Implementation classes (Circle or Rectangle). This enables us to introduce new shapes in future without having to worry about much code changes.
- As per above example - our code mainly depends on common interface (Shape) instead of Implementation classes (Circle or Rectangle). This enables us to introduce new shapes in future without having to worry about much code changes.
- Also, provides loose coupling between classes as you can plug any Implementation without breaking the code.
- Makes code more maintainable in the longer run.
- Makes code more maintainable in the longer run.
That's a wrap!
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